Na- Nyocha nke Nnwale DGA: Anya anya maka Nchọpụta Mgbanwe Mgbapụta

 

1

Usoro mkpuchi nke transformer tumadi mejupụtara mmanụ ịnweta (ma ọ bụ gburugburu ebe obibi na-enwe mmekọrịta dị ka fr3) na ihe eji eme ihe (dịka akwụkwọ). N'oge ọrụ dị iche iche, ihe na-egbochi afọ ndụ nwayọ ma mepụta ihe gas; Agbanyeghị, mgbe mmejọ dị kamwepu arc, mbupu nke crotherheyNa-eme n'ime onye ahụ na-emegharị ahụ, ike dị elu na mmejọ na-eme ka mbibi mmanụ na mkpuchi siri ike, na-eme ka ikuku siri ike. Ọtụtụ n'ime gas na-agbaze na mmanụ mkpuchi, ebe obere ego nwere na steeti efu na mmanụ ma ọ bụ ụlọ gas nke akụrụngwa.

Njirimara nke nnwale Dga na-emetụta usoro nkeNchịkọta Mmanụ → Mpụs Nkewapụ → Chromatograph nyochaIji chọpụta ụdị ihe ndị ahụ na ndọtị nke gas etisasị na mmanụ. Mgbe ahụ, site na ijikọta mmekọrịta kwekọrọ na mbara ala na ụdị mmejọ, ọ bụ na enwere mmejọ n'ime mgbanwe na ọdịdị nke mmejọ. N'ụzọ bụ isi, ọ na-eweghachi mmejọ steeti site na akara mkpịsị aka "gas".

 

2.

Dị iche na-ezighi ezi dị iche iche na-amịpụta ụdị gas dị iche iche na oke n'ihi na ọdịiche dị na ike ike na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ. Dabere na ụkpụrụ mba ụwa (dịka EC 6099) na omume ụlọ ọrụ, ihe ngosi DGA lekwasịrị anya gas na-esochi, yana mmekọrịta ha na-egosi na tebụl dị n'okpuru:

Gas aha	Ihe ngosi kemịkalụ	Isi ụdị mmejọ	Nkọwa njirimara igodo
Hydrogen	H₂	Mwepu, obere- ike arc	Ngwaahịa nke mmanụ molecele na-akpata
Methane	Cha	Obere -} Ọnọdụ okpomọkụ (<300℃)	Ngwaahịa dị na mbara mmanụ na-emebi emebi, na-enwe oke na obere okpomọkụ
Ethane	C₂H₆	Obere -} Ọnọdụ okpomọkụ (<300℃)	Mepụtara na methane, ọnụ na-egosi dị ala -}} Okpomọkụ na-egbu egbu
Ethylene	C₂H₄	High-temperature thermal fault (>700 ogo)	Njiri mara gas site na- omimi nke mmanu na oke okpomọkụ
Atytylene	C₂H₂	- ike arc	Emepụtara naanị na-agbadata- ike ike dị ka Arcs; "Gas Wanddọ aka ná ntị"
Carbon monoxide	Ko	Igwe ọkụ nke mpempe akwụkwọ	Isi ihe na-egosi ịka nká ma ọ bụ nke mkpuchi siri ike (akwụkwọ)
Carbon dioxide	Kogha	Ịka nká ma ọ bụ na-egbu egbu	Mepụtara ọnụ na CO; COCK COO / Co₂ nwere ike ikpebi ogo agụmakwụkwọ nke akwụkwọ

Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ bụrụ na ịta nkeacetylene (c₂H₂)Na nsonaazụ DGA na-abawanye nke ukwuu, ọ na-abụkarị ihe dị elu {0} Ọ bụrụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ nkeethylene (c₂H₄)Ọ bụ onye a ma ama, ọ nwere ike ịbụ oke okpomọkụ na-ekpughe mmejọ nke ọtụtụ ndị nwere ọtụtụ ihe kpatara ya site na - tutu ihe na-agbadata nke isi ígwè.

 

3.1 Otu ụzọ arụmọrụ gas:

Usoro a na-ekpebi ma ọ bụ ihe a na-ahụ anya site na ịtụle ihe gas na-atụta naUru ịdọ aka ná ntị(akọwapụtara na ụkpụrụ dịka IEC 60599 na GB / T 7252-2017). Ọmụmaatụ:

Na mmanụ mkpuchi nke onye na-emegharị ọhụrụ, ịta acetylene (c₂h₂) kwesịrị ịdị nso 0; Ọ bụrụ na achọpụtara Cōh₂, ọ dị mkpa ka ha mụrụ anya maka ihe ọghọm na-adịghị mma na-aga n'ihu.

Maka onye na - emegharị ọrụ-}} orgentta carbon monoxide (co) na - aga n'ihu gafere 300 μL / l, na - agbagha ọnọdụ akwụkwọ insulating na njikọta CO₂.

 

3.2 gas nyocha nke 32: ụdị mmejọ dị iche iche

Dị iche na-agbanwe ngwakọta gas dị iche iche. Site na-agbakọ oke ikuku (dịka, C₂H₄ / C₂H₄, Ch₄ / H₂, C₂H₆ / C₂h₆ / C₂h₆), enwere ike ọzọ ụdị nsogbu. Mmekọrịta kwekọrọ na n'etiti ogo na mmejọ a na-eme ka (na-ezo aka na IEC 60599):

Ụdị mmejọ	C₂H₂/C₂H₄ (aclenlene / ethylene)	Kan₄/H₂ (Methane / Hydrogen)	C₂H₄/C₂H(Ethylene / ethane)
Ọrụ nkịtị	<0.1	0.1-1.0	<1
Mwepu	<0.1	>1	<1
Obere -} Ọnọdụ okpomọkụ (<300℃)	<0.1	0.1-1.0	<1
High-Temperature Thermal Fault (>700 ogo)	0.1-1.0	0.1-1.0	>3
- ike arc	>1	<0.1	>3

Iji maa atụ, ọ bụrụ na ọ ga - enweta oke nke "C₂H₂ / C₂H₄> 1 na C₂H₆ / C₂H₆> 3" Nchọpụta nke Acta na Dracfornters na akwụkwọ 2, jikọtara ya na enweghị akara ngosi na-ahụ anya, na-atụ aro na ọ nwere ike ịbụ arc (dịka ọmụmaatụ nke contralial).

 

3.3 Triangle triangle: Nchọpụta kensinammuo

Ndị Hydro -} Quebec Resection na Canada, usoro a na-eji ọnụọgụ elu nkemethane (ch₄), ethylene (c₂H₄), na acetylene (c₂H₂)dika uzo ato nke triangle. Mgbe ị na-agbakọ ọnụ ọgụgụ nke gas ọ bụla, ọ na-achọpụta ọnọdụ dị na eserese triangle ma na-ekpe ikpe mmejọ dị ka mpaghara ọdịda. This method is highly intuitive and can effectively distinguish between "thermal faults" and "discharge faults", and even subdivide the overheating temperature levels (low-temperature T1, medium-temperature T2, high-temperature T3).

Ngalaba mpaghara mpaghara mpaghara Duval dị ka ndị a:

Mpaghara D1: mwepu nke ntabi anya; Mpaghara D2: Elu - ike arc;

Mpaghara T1: Obere -}}<300℃); Area T2: Medium-temperature overheating (300-700℃); Area T3: High-temperature overheating (>700 ogo);

Mpaghara DT: jikọtara mmejọ nke arc + falmal.

 

3.4 Rogers Rootzọ: Injinia Mgbasa Ozi

Ọkpụkpụ nke UK's CEGB na IEEE, usoro a na-eme ka ọ bụrụ nke gas na-eme ngwa ngwa nke obere na ọkara -}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}}. E jiri ya tụnyere usoro dị ukwuu IEC, usoro Rogers nwere ike ịmata ọdịiche dị n'etiti "ala -}}}}}}

 

3.5 iec 60599 chọpụtara: usoro ọkọlọtọ zuru oke

Dị ka ọkọlọtọ nabatara n'ụzọ gara aga, IC 6099 anaghị adabere na otu usoro ma na-agbaso usoro atọ - nzọụkwụ nke "Ntinye uche → Actered Nyocha → Nyochaa":

Nke mbụ, lelee ma ịta nke otu gas karịrị ọkọlọtọ (dịka, acetylene> 5 μl / l chọrọ ịmụrụ anya);

Mgbe ahụ, ikpe ụdị mmejọ site na nyocha gas;

N'ikpeazụ, nyochaa ma mmejọ na-etolite site na ijikọta data 3-6 (dịka, ọnụego kwa ọnwa nke gas ịta gas).

Setzọ a na-eme ihe ziri ezi na ịdịmma ma bụrụkwa ihe nchọpụta kachasị na ụlọ ọrụ ike ụwa.

 

4.1 Nchọpụta Mmetụta Mmehie na Mpaghara

Nke a bụ isi nke DGA. Mgbe a na-ahụkarị ihe na-apụta na transformer (dịka, mmụba mmanụ, ụba) ma ọ bụ "arc" ma ọ bụ "arc" ma ọ bụ "arc" ma nye mmezi saịtị. Iji maa atụ, nsonaazụ DGA nke transformer MVA na akwụkwọ (acetylene + dị elu) na-akwado mkpebi nke "{10}} na-enyefe ya na ịgbasa.

 

4.2 Adọ aka na ntị na NJIKWU EGO (NJIKWU)

Site na nlekota data DGA ruo ogologo oge na nyocha nke mgbanwe nke gas ista, enwere ike ịchọpụta ihe ọghọm "nke mmejọ ahụ:

Ịdị nwayọ nwayọNa gas ịta (dịka mmụba kwa ọnwa nke 5% na CO): Ọtụtụ mgbe n'ihi mkpuchi mkpuchi, chọrọ nlekota;

Mmụba ngwa ngwaNa gas ịta (dịka, 10 μl / l acestlene ọhụụ na otu ụbọchị): na-egosi na mberede mmejọ, chọrọ mmechi mberede;

Ọdịmma mberedenke gas ọhụrụ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, achọpụtara c₂h₂ achọpụtara tupu, mana achọpụtara ya n'otu ule): wity, mkpuchi mkpuchi nke ikuku na-efe efe).

 

4.3 Nyocha na nyocha ụlọ ọrụ na-enyocha ụlọ ọrụ (ihe achọrọ na akwụkwọ 3)

Dabere na IEC 60076-1 na ihe ndị achọrọ na akwụkwọ 3, a ga-eduzi ihe nyocha ahụ tupu ntụgharị DGA na-ahazi ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, ma ọ bụ mgbe ị overhaul:

Tupu ule a: nyochaa ma mmanụ ọhụrụ ahụ ruru eru (dịka, enweghị acetylene, obere mmiri);

Mgbe ule ahụ gasịrị: Tụlee data Chromatographic tupu ya na mgbe ule ahụ gasịrị iji gosipụta na enweghị ihe mkpuchi dị n'ime ya n'oge ule (dịka, mwepu nke onye na-ahụ maka ihu igwe);

Ihe atụ: Akwụkwọ 3 nke ọma chọrọ "enweghị nsogbu na nyocha mmanụ chromatographic mgbe nnwale mkpuchi" iji hụ na mmanụ nrụpụta na ọnọdụ ngwaọrụ nyefere onye ọrụ ahụ ruru eru.

 

Nkwado mkpebi 4.4

Dabere na nsonaazụ DGA, atụmatụ mmezi dị iche iche nwere ike ịhazi:

Data Ntanetị DGA: Mmezi usoro ọrụ dị ka atụmatụ;

Obere ihe omume (dịka, Chọpụta ch₄): Medo usoro nlele (dịka, site na otu ugboro 3 ọnwa kwa ọnwa);

Oké nsogbu (dịka, c₂h₂): Mechie maka ndozi ozugbo iji zere mmebi akụrụngwa ma ọ bụ ihe ọghọm ike.

 

5. Usoro ụlọ na International Station maka Nnwale DGA

Sharizationkpụrụ nke nnwale DGA gosipụtara na nduzi nke ụkpụrụ ikike. Mba dị iche iche / mpaghara nwere usoro ime mgbanwe dabere na njiri mara ike ha. A na-egosi usoro ọkọlọtọ isi na tebụl dị n'okpuru:

Ahịrị aha / usoro	Usoro / Isi mmalite	Core ọdịnaya	Ihe Atụ
IEC 60599	Commissional Electrotechnitional (iC)	Kọwaa ókè ga - adọrọ adọrọ na ụzọ dị mma, na - emesi ike nyocha	Gburugburu ụwa niile, dabara adaba maka mmanụ dị iche iche {{0}
Ieee c57.104-2019	Institute nke injinia na eletriki (ieee)	Wepụta ụkpụrụ ịdọ aka na ntị, na-eme ka Rogers gosipụta usoro	North American na Ahịa International Market, na-elekwasị anya na nlegharị anya
Ụzọ triangle triangle	Hydro {0 0}} Quebec, Canada	Nchọpụta eserese sitere na ch₄ / c₂h₄ / c₂h₂	Ikwuputa nhazi nke di nkpa (dịka, agwakọta
GB / T 7252-2017	Nhazi nke China	Ijikọ IEC na usoro IEEE, na-emegharị na Grid Power	Ntughari na China, mesie ike CO / Co₂ nyocha maka akwụkwọ insulating
Jec-0101-2001	Institute nke injinia nke Japan (IEEJ)	Promislọ Ọrụ Mkpusi ọkụ siri ike, na-eme ka ọ dị elu -) gburugburu iru mmiri	Ike Grid na Japan, na-elekwasị anya na ịgha ikpe nke akwụkwọ

Ihe a na-eme na ụkpụrụ ndị a bụAdabere na otu usoro mana iji mee mkpebi zuru oke site na ijikọ ọtụtụ usoro nyocha na na {{0}) iru mmiri, ibu mmiri, ibu ibu).

 

6.1 NIILE {1- nchoputa, enweghị ike ọpụpụ achọrọ

DGA sampling naanị na-ewepụta 50 {2} 100 ml nke mmanụ sample site na valvụ mmanụ, ma e wezụga ike (belụsọ maka ọnọdụ pụrụ iche). Enwere ike ịmechaa ya n'oge ọrụ akụrụngwa, na -ebelata ike iwepụta ike mpụga - nke a dị ezigbo mkpa maka ndị ọrụ na ike Grid.

 

6.2 Ndọta Ndọta Mmetụta Mmehie, na-egbochi ihe ọghọm tupu oge eruo

Ọ na-ewekarị ọtụtụ izu ka ọnwa ole na-eme ka ọ ghara itolite site na "ike". DGA nwere ike ịchọpụta na ikuku gas mgbe a na-emejọ ike (dịka ọmụmaatụ, nke na-enye oge ịdọ aka ná ntị "na" mmanụ agba ", na-enye oge maka ndozi.

 

6.3 Na-ekpuchi ọtụtụ ụdị mmejọ, nchọpụta zuru oke

Ma ọ bụ mmejọ eletrik (arc, mwepu), dị ala-}}} nwere ike ịnwe mkpuchi site na njikọta gas. Ọ bụ ezie na ule ndị ọzọ (dịka, nkwulu mmeghe) nwere ike igosipụta ọnọdụ mkpuchi ahụ na-enweghị ike ịchọta ụdị mmejọ.

 

N'ọdịnihu, na mmepe nke ihe na teknụzụ ọgụgụ isi na teknụzụ ọgụgụ, nnwale DGA ga-aga n'akụkụ nduzi nke "Oge Online - Time movening + AI nwere ọgụgụ isiA ga-ebunye data gas na-ebugharị data gas, a ga-eji data nke gas na-achọpụta ihe dị iche iche na ntanetị na-akpaghị aka. Agbanyeghị, na usoro nchịkọta ọdịnala (dịka ọmụmaatụ, dullal, duval Usoro triangle) ka bụ ihe dị mkpa maka ọrụ ike na ndị ọrụ mmezi.

Maka ụlọ ọrụ ike, itinye aka na ule DGA, na-esote ụkpụrụ mba ofesi (dịka EC 69599, GB / T 7252), GB / T 7252), GB / T 7252), GB / T 7252), GB / T 7252)