Ihe ngbanwe karịrị voltaji phenomena na usoro nchekwa

Feb 06, 2026

Hapụ ozi

power transmission

Site na mmepe ngwa ngwa nke teknụzụ dị ka UHV na njikọ grid ume ọhụrụ, transformers{0}} akụrụngwa bụ isi maka nnyefe ọkụ na ntụgharị voltaji{1} dị oke mkpa maka ntụkwasị obi nke grid ọkụ yana ogo ọkọnọ ike. Otú ọ dị, ndị na-agbanwe agbanwe na-echekarị ihe iyi egwu nke oke voltaji mgbe a na-arụ ọrụ: mgbe voltaji arụ ọrụ karịrị oke voltaji arụ ọrụ a na-ekwe ka ọ na-arụ ọrụ, ihe na-eme n'ike n'ike. Nke a na-adịghị adịte voltaji anomaly ọ bụghị nanị na-eme ka ịka nká nke ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi ọkụ, kamakwa ọ pụkwara ịkpata ndakpọ mkpuchi ozugbo, na-ebute ọdịda akụrụngwa ma ọ bụ ọbụna ihe mberede grid. Nyocha zuru oke nke usoro mmepụta nke oke voltaji na mmejuputa usoro nchebe ezubere iche dị mkpa iji hụ na arụ ọrụ nke ngbanwe dị mma.

 

 

 

1. Nhazi na ihe ize ndụ nke overvoltage

 

 

A na-ekewa oke ọkụ na sistemu ike n'ụdị isi atọ dabere na ogologo oge na ihe kpatara ya:nwa oge overvoltage, ịgbanwee overvoltage, naikuku overvoltage (àmụmà overvoltage), nke ọ bụla nwere ọnọdụ na-akpalite iche yana njirimara ihe egwu.

 

(1) Mfefe nke nwa oge

 

 

Ihe na-ebute oke ọkụ nwa oge site na ọgba aghara steeti na-adịgide adịgide dị ka otu- mmejọ ala na resonance grid, ma gụnye ike{{2}ugboro oke voltaji, oke voltaji resonance, na mgbada n'elu voltaji.

  • Resonance overvoltagena-eme mgbe inductance (dịka ọmụmaatụ, inductance excitation inductance, arc suppression coils) na capacitance (dịka, ahịrị -to{5}} ala capacitance, cable capacitance) na grid na-etolite sekit resonant n'ihi mmejọ ma ọ bụ arụ ọrụ ugboro ugboro, na-ebute ntụgharị ugboro ugboro nke ọkụ eletrik na ike magnetik n'okpuru ọnọdụ ụfọdụ. Ferromagnetic resonance, nke njiri mara nke na-adịghị ahụ anya nke inductance mgbanwe mgbanwe mgbanwe, na-adị ize ndụ nke ukwuu, yana njupụta voltaji nwere ike karịa 2-3 ugboro ọnụ ahịa.
  • Arc grounding overvoltagena-ebilite site na mkpochapụ arc na-adịte aka na ịchịisi n'oge ntụpọ n'oge otu - mmejọ ala na-enweghị ala ma ọ bụ arc suppression coil{1}}sistemụ gbadoro ụkwụ. Nke a na-akpalite oscillations electromagnetic, na njupụta njupụta na-eru 2.5-3 ugboro voltaji e gosiri na ọ na-adịru ọtụtụ sekọnd ruo iri iri nke sekọnd, na-eme ka ike gwụ mkpuchi mkpuchi ngwa ngwa.

 

(2) Mfefe oke ọkụ

 

 

Mfefe overvoltage sitere na mgbanwe mberede na ọnọdụ grid, dị ka ịgbanwee nnukwu - akụrụngwa ikike, oghere/emechi mba- ahịrị ibu ma ọ bụ ihe ngbanwe, ma ọ bụ mperi arụrụ arụ nke na-ebute ntọhapụ ike ngwa ngwa, na-eduga na mgbanwe ike elektrọnịk na mberede na mgbawa voltaji. Ọ na-adịkarị 3.0–4.5 ugboro voltaji agbagoro, oke voltaji ndị a na-arụ ọrụ maka naanị obere ike{{5}ugboro okirikiri mana na-eme ka ike ọgwụgwụ mkpuchi dịkwuo elu site na mkpughe ugboro ugboro na netwọk nkesa na-arụ ọrụ ugboro ugboro.

 

(3) Mfefe ikuku (ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ)

 

 

A na-ebute oke ikuku ikuku site na mwepu igwe ojii, kewara ya na oke ọkụ ọkụ na-ebute oke ọkụ:

  • Mfefe ọkụ ọkụ ozugboNsonaazụ sitere na ọkụ ọkụ ozugbo na-adakwasị akụrụngwa ma ọ bụ ndị na-eduzi, na-eme ka voltaji pulse dị elu{{0}amplitude pulse.
  • Oke ọkụ ọkụ buterea na-ebute site na mgbanwe ngwa ngwa na mpaghara electromagnetic n'oge ọkụ ọkụ.

N'ime ọkụ - na ndịda China na-adịkarị mfe, ihe karịrị 15% nke ndakpọ ngbanwe nke afọ bụ n'ihi oke ọkụ ọkụ. Ebili mmiri ọkụ na-egosipụta ihu ebili mmiri dị oke nrịgo (1–4 μs) yana ogologo ugboro dị elu (karịa 100 kHz), yana voltaji ruru 8–12 ugboro ọnụ ahịa echeregoro {{8}ọbụna 50–200 okpukpu karịa uru echeregoro n'ọnọdụ dị oke njọ. Mgbe ikuku na-awakpo, nkesa na-ekwekọghị ekwekọ na-emepụta gradients voltaji dị oke n'ọnụ ọnụ na-abata, na-eyi interturn ozugbo na mkpuchi isi.

Oruru oke nbibi nke ihe ngbanwe na-adabere n'ụdị ebili mmiri, njupụta, na ogologo oge: ebili mmiri ọkụ dị mkpụmkpụ- n'ihu, ngbanwe overvoltages dị ogologo{1} n'ihu, na obere voltaji na-adị obere{{2}ugboro voltaji ebili mmiri. A ga-anwale ihe mkpuchi akụrụngwa megide ụdị ebili mmiri ndị a. Mfefe ọkụ na-ebute ihe ize ndụ kachasị elu nke ndakpọ mkpuchi mkpuchi: mgbe ebili mmiri na-agbasa na transformers, ndị na-ejide ahịrị na-ebu ụzọ na-ebupụ, ebili mmiri fọdụrụnụ na-esi na transformer na-agafe n'ala. Ọ bụrụ na enwere anya eletrik n'etiti ihe ngbanwe na njide, voltaji ihe fọdụrụ na-emegharị ma na-ebili n'akụkụ onye na-eduzi ya, nwere ike ịkarị voltaji fọdụrụnụ nke njide. Ya mere, ekwesịrị ịwụnye ndị na-ejide ihe dị nso na transformers dị ka o kwere mee. Na mgbakwunye, resonance na mgbanwe overvoltages, ọ bụ ezie na ọ dị obere na njupụta, nwere ogologo oge ma nwee ike ịkpata ndakpọ.Mgbanwe mgbanwe overvoltagedị aghụghọ karịsịa: mgbe àmụ̀mà na-akụ akụkụ voltaji dị elu{{0}, voltaji fọdụrụnụ nke njide na-arụ ọrụ na ikuku ikuku dị elu{{1}voltaji. Mbelata voltaji na-ebufe n'ofe ala na-ebufe gaa na obere ikuku - voltaji site na ahịrị na-anọpụ iche, yana mmụgharị sitere na obere ọkụ ọkụ ugbu a na-ebute oke voltaji ọtụtụ ugboro ruo iri ugboro karịa voltaji mpụta na ikuku dị elu{5}}voltaji, na-ebute nhụsianya n'ụzọ dị mfe.

 

 

 

 

step-down transformer
 

2. Usoro ọgbọ nke overvoltage

 

(1) Mfefe Mfefe: Oscillation Oscillation nke Electromagnetic Energy

(2) Mfefe ikuku: Mwakpo kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ nke ebili mmiri ọkụ

(3) Mfefe oke nwa oge: Mkpokọta ike na ọgbaghara na-aga n'ihu-Ọgbaghara steeti

(1) Mfefe Mfefe: Oscillation Oscillation nke Electromagnetic Energy

Inweta enweghị - ngbanwe nke nzọụkwụ - mgbada transformer - ihe a na-ahụkarị na grids ọkụ{3}} dị ka ọmụmaatụ, ikike nke abụọ{4} n'akụkụ nwere obere mmetụta na akụkụ mbụ mgbe agbanwere ya, yabụ enwere ike ileghara ya anya. Nke mbụ winding'sahịrị - ruo - ike ala (info-43-40)naikike interturn (info-27-40)ghọọ isi parameters. Ebe ọ bụ nainfo-112-40na ike transformers, mmetụta nke interturn capacitance nwere ike ọzọ mfe maka qualitative analysis.

Mgbe agbanyụrụ ihe na-ebughị ibu{{0}, ma ọ bụrụ na mba - ibu ugbu a abụghị - efu, ike ndọta echekwara na inductance bụ isi.info-28-40 (info-71-55) na ike eletrik echekwara nainfo-43-40 (info-95-55) oscillate na myirịta sekit kpụrụ siteinfo-28-40nainfo-43-40. Oscillation a, nke nwere ugboro nke ọtụtụ narị ruo ọtụtụ puku Hz ma na-adịru naanị ike ole na ole{1}Ugboro okirikiri, na-atụgharị ike ndọta kpamkpam ka ọ bụrụ ike ọkụ eletrik mgbe ọ dị ugbu a ruru efu, na-ebuli voltaji capacitor ruo oke yana na-akpalite ngbanwe oke ọkụ. Inductance ikuku dị elu na ahịrị dị ala- ruo{4}} ala ikike na-abawanye njupụta njupụta, na-akọwa ihe kpatara ngbanwe overvoltages anaghị agafe ugboro 4.5 nke voltaji e gosiri.

 

(2) Mfefe ikuku: Mwakpo kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ nke ebili mmiri ọkụ

Ebili mmiri ọkụ nwere steepụ ebili mmiri dị elu (1-4 μs) yana nnukwu frequency (karịa 100 kHz), na nrịgo nrịgo elu ruo 500 kV/μs. Voltaji a na-agbanwe ngwa ngwa na-ebute nnukwu mgbanwe ugbu a na windings. Mgbe ebili mmiri na-efegharị na-agbasa ruo na ọdụ ọkụ, ha na-arụ ọrụ dị ka akara ngosi dị elu-ugboro, dị elu- voltaji. N'ogo dị elu, ikuku inductive reactanceinfo-37-40na-abawanye nke ukwuu, mgbe capacitive reactanceinfo-31-55na-ebelata nke ukwuu, yabụ ugbu a na-aga site na interturn na ahịrị- ruo{1}} ike ala.

Ebe ọ bụ na ikuku {{0}voltaji dị ala dị nso na isi, nnukwu ahịrị ya{1}ka- ike ala na-adaba obere sekit, na-eme ka ọ gbadaa nke ọma. The voltaji nkesa nke àmụmà ebili mmiri tinyere winding kpebisiri ike site ruru nkeinfo-27-40kainfo-43-40: interturn capacitances nso na-abata ọnụ na-ebu ndị ọzọ ugbu a n'ihi shunting, na-eke oké voltaji gradients ebe ole na ole mbụ ntụgharị nwere ike na-enweta voltaji ọtụtụ narị ugboro ugboro uru. Nkesa voltaji a na-ekwekọghị ekwekọ bụ isi ihe na-ebute ndakpọ ihe mkpuchi interturn.

 

(3) Mfefe oke nwa oge: Mkpokọta ike na ọgbaghara na-aga n'ihu-Ọgbaghara steeti

Mfefe ọkụ na-adị nwa oge na-esite na ọgba aghara grid steeti na-aga n'ihu, yana ọnọdụ atọ a na-ahụkarị:

  • Ike -Ugboro nfefe: Ihe kpatara otu - mmejọ ala, njụta ​​ibu, ma ọ bụ chaja ahịrị. N'ime sistemu gbadoro ụkwụ nke ọma, voltaji nkeji ahụike na-ebili n'ọkwa voltaji n'oge mmejọ nke otu -; Ọjụjụ ibu na mberede na-abawanye ọsọ generator na mkpali na-agbanweghị agbanwe ugbu a, na-ebuli voltaji ụgbọ ala ruo 1.5-1.8 ugboro ọnụ ahịa egosiri maka ọtụtụ sekọnd.
  • Resonance overvoltage: Na-eme mgbe inductance na capacitance na-etolite sekit resonant n'ihi mmejọ ma ọ bụ arụ ọrụ, na-ebute mgbanwe ọkụ eletrik - magnetik. Ferromagnetic resonance, nke inductance transformer na-adịghị na-anya, na-ebute mịgharị ugboro ugboro na njupụta voltaji ruru okpukpu 2-3 nke ọnụ ahịa akwadoro.
  • Arc grounding overvoltage: Na-ebute site na mkpochapụ/nchịchị arc na-adịte aka n'oge otu - mmejọ nke usoro na-enweghị ala, na-ebute oscillations electromagnetic. Mkpochapu Arc na-ahapụ ike ike na inductance, ebe ọchịchị na-eme ka mkpokọta ume dịkwuo elu, na-eduga n'ịfefe voltaji nke ugboro 2.5-3.

 

 

 

 

 

3. Ntụle Nchekwa overvoltage

 

 

Ewupụtala sistemu nchekwa tozuru oke iji gboo ihe egwu na usoro oke ọkụ, na-ejikọta nchedo ọkụ na-apụ apụ, nchebe ikuku dị n'ime, yana usoro mgbakwunye pụrụ iche iji hụ na nchekwa nke ngbanwe.

 

Lightning rods

 

(1) Nchekwa ọkụ ọkụ ozugbo

N'ọkwa ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri, nchebe ọkụ ozugbo bụ usoro nchebe mbụ:

  • Osisi ọkụ: Tụgharịa ọkụ ọkụ n'ala, na mkpuchi mkpuchi nke a na-ekpebi site na elu na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mkpanaka. Otutu mkpanaka gbasaa mkpuchi. Iji gbochie mbuso agha, grids n'ala ga-emezurịrị ihe ndị a chọrọ ma na-edobe ebe dị mma site na ngbanwe na igwe mgbawa sekit.
  • Igwe ọkụ ọkụ: Awụnyere n'elu ahịrị ndị na-abata n'akụkụ ọdụ ụgbọ ala, ha na-ebelata ohere ịbanye n'ọkụ ọkụ. Mgbe àmụ̀mà na-ada n'èzí ahịrị echedoro, mgbochi ahịrị na-egbochi njide ugbu a, na mkpali corona na ndị na-eduzi na-ebelata ebili mmiri na njupụta, na-eweda voltaji fọdụrụnụ nke njide maka nhazi mkpuchi ka mma.

(2) Nchedo njide: Nchekwa isi pụtara

Ndị na-ejide grid bụ nke mbụNdị na-ejide ígwè oxide na-enweghị oghere (MOA)navalvụ nwere oghere{0}} ụdị njide, na ụkpụrụ nhọrọ nkekọrịta: voltaji e nyere njide agaghị adị ala karịa oke nwa oge na saịtị nrụnye, yana nnọpụiche - voltaji ejidere gosiri agaghị adị ala karịa voltaji nkeji kacha elu nke transformer.

  • Ọ bụrụ na voltaji agbagoro dị obere: Ndị njide nwere oghere nwere ike ịghara imenyụ arcs n'oge mmejọ nke otu {{0}, na-ebute mgbawa; MOA na-eweda site na nnabata ike gabigara ókè.
  • Ọ bụrụ na ogo voltaji dị oke elu: voltaji mwepu na-akpali akpali yana mmụba voltaji fọdụrụnụ, na-ebelata ịdị irè nchebe.

Ndị na-ejide valvụ{{0} ụdị njide na-eji diski valvụ na-abụghị nke na-egosipụta ihe omume dị elu n'okpuru oke ọkụ ọkụ (na-ejigide voltaji mpụta dị ala) yana obere conductivity na voltaji nkịtị (njedebe ike-ugboro na-eso ugbu a). MOA na-enweghị oghere, na-eji diski valvụ zinc oxide, na-egbochi ndị na-eso ugbu a na-enweghị oghere, na-enye nzaghachi ngwa ngwa, voltaji dị obere, yana ikike dị ugbu a- na-eme ka ha bụrụ nhọrọ kacha ewu ewu maka nchekwa mgbanwe.

Dị ka GB311.1-1997 si kwuoNkwakọba ihe mkpuchi maka nnukwu nnyefe na ngwa nkesa voltaji{{0}, 6kV transformers nwere ọkụ ọkụ na-eguzogide voltaji nke 60kV, na 10kV transformers 75kV. Maka sistemu 6kV, YH5WS-10/30 MOA nwere voltaji fọdụrụ na-erughị ma ọ bụ nhata 30kV, na-enye ihe nchikota ihe mkpuchi.info-252-56. Maka sistemụ 10kV, YH5WS-17/50 MOA na-amịpụtainfo-275-56, imezu ihe nchekwa nchekwa chọrọ.info-31-40na-adịkarị karịa ma ọ bụ nhata 1.4 maka mkpali ọkụ na Karịrị ma ọ bụ ha nhata 1.15 maka ịgbanwe mkpali, na-atụle ụdị mkpuchi, nkesa oke ọkụ, na ịka nká gburugburu ebe obibi.

 

power transformer
ike transformer
lightning arrester
onye na-ejide àmụmà

 

pole mounted transformer
okporo osisi arịọnụ transformer
arrester
onye njide

 

single phase pad mounted transformer
otu akụkụ mpe mpe akwa n'ịnyịnya transformer
elbow arrester
onye na-ejide ikpere aka
three phase pad mounted transformer
atọ na-adọ mpe mpe akwa ndokwasa transformer
elbow arresters
onye na-ejide ikpere aka

 

(3) Ihe mkpuchi emelitere: Nchekwa mgbakwunye

Maka ndị na-eme mgbanwe nke ọkara na ndị nta (ihe na-erughị ma ọ bụ ha nhata 35kV), ihe mkpuchi agbakwunyere bụ isi ihe mgbakwunye: na-eme ka mkpuchi ikuku dị elu{{1}voltaji na-eme ka ihe mgbochi na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma n'ọbịbịa/ọnụ ọnụ na-atụgharị iji guzogide gradients voltaji. Otú ọ dị, ihe mkpuchi kariri ahụ na-emebi mkpọsa okpomọkụ ma na-ebelata ike ntụgharị, nwere ike ịba ụba voltaji gradients{3} na-eme ka nke a dabara naanị maka obere voltaji -voltaji, ọnụ ahịa {{5} ọnọdụ nwere mmetụta.

 

(4) Mmụba ike ngbanwe ngbanwe: Nkesa voltaji emelitere

Ike interturn dị eluinfo-27-40mma voltaji nkesa uniformity: a ibuinfo-27-40ikwu nainfo-43-40na-ebelata gradients voltaji na oke ihe egwu. A na-eji usoro dị ka windings interleaved na capacitor screens, karịsịa na àmụmà{1}} ebe ndị na-adịkarị mfe dị ka ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ma ọ bụ steepụ ikuku{2}} n'elu ọdụ ụgbọ elu.

 

(5) Na-anọpụ iche- Nchekwa oke ọkụ

Maka ọdụ ụgbọ ala ndị dị na àmụ̀mà{0}} ebe ndị nwere otu isi iyi ọkụ, mbubata ebili mmiri ọkụ atọ{1} bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị, na-achọ nnọpụiche lekwasịrị anya- nchebe. Ihe ngwọta bụ isi bụna-anọpụ iche- MOAs, nke na-echebe megide ma àmụmà na ịgbanye overvoltages na nzaghachi ngwa ngwa, obere voltaji fọdụrụnụ, na ikike dị elu ugbu a. N'ime ọkụ ọkụ{1} mpaghara dị ka Guangdong na Guangxi, na-anọpụ iche{2}}ọnụego nwụnye MOA gafere 90%. Emebere ya na voltaji dị elu, ha na-anọgide na-abụ ndị a pụrụ ịdabere na ya n'oge obere nnọpụiche -mgbanwe ngbanwe ma nagide 1x ike -ugboro voltaji n'oge mmejọ otu-.

Maka oke nnọpụiche - ngbanwe ngbanwe (overvoltage Karịrị ma ọ bụ ha nhata 2x ike -frequency phase voltaji), a na-eji atụmatụ "arrester + horizontal rod gap" yiri ya: ndị na-ejide ọkụ na-edozi ọkụ/mgbanwe nke oke ọkụ, ebe oghere na-ejedebe elu {{4}ugboro ugboro- na-eme ka usoro nchebe na-emekọ ihe ọnụ.

 

(6) Nchekwa Pụrụ Iche maka Ọtụtụ{1}Winding Transformers

Igwe ngbanwe ikuku atọ{{0} (elu, ọkara, obere voltaji) na-eche ihe egwu dị elu nke induction electrostatic na-eche ihu, ọkachasị mgbe obere ikuku- voltaji meghere. Ọkụ ọkụ na ebili mmiri dị elu - akụkụ voltaji na-ebufe gaa na obere ikuku - voltaji windings site na njikọ electrostatic na induction electromagnetic, yana ike dị ala na ala na-ebuli voltaji electrostatic, na-eyi mkpuchi egwu. Ndị njide na obere- voltaji na-ekugharị ikuku na-egbochi mbanye karịrị voltaji ozugbo.

Na mgbakwunye, voltaji usoro efu - sitere na mmejọ asymmetric ma ọ bụ mmebi mebiri emebi na-ebufe gaa na ikuku dị ala{1} voltaji site na njikọta capacitive. Iji belata nke a, a na-eji nnukwu{3} synchronism breakers, na 3 Y- ejikọrọ capacitors na-arụnyere na ala{6}} voltaji bridges ka iwelie ike n'ala, na-amịkọrọ overvoltage ike na mbenata njupụta/steepness.

 

(7) Nchekwa achịkọbara Sistemụ voltaji dị ala

Ogologo ahịrị ndị na-enye voltaji dị obere - adịghị mfe maka ọkụ ọkụ. Mgbe a kụrụ ya, ọkụ ọkụ na-ebuteinverse mgbanwe overvoltagena elu - windings voltaji (ugboro 2–3 gosiri voltaji) site na induction electromagnetic, mkpuchi na-eyi egwu. Akụkụ voltaji MOA dị ala- na-egbochi mmụgharị mkpali n'obere ikuku- voltaji, na-egbochi mbufe oke voltaji. Ndị ngbanwe nwere otu njikọ Y/Zn11 na-egbochi oke mgbanwe mgbanwe mgbanwe, na-enye nchebe emelitere mgbe ejikọtara ya na ndị na-ejide voltaji dị ala-.

 

(8) Usoro nchedo pụrụiche ndị ọzọ

Maka ọnọdụ ndapụta oke voltaji, usoro mgbakwunye gụnyere:

1. Arc Suppression Coils: Na-egbochi Arc Grounding Overvoltage

N'ime sistemụ nkesa enweghị n'ala ma ọ bụ arc enweghị ala, eriri mkpuchi arc na-akwụ ụgwọ maka mmejọ nke ugbu a na-eme otu{1}, na-ebelata mmejọ nke ugbu a yana igbochi ọchịchị arc na-adịte aka. Nchekwa onwe{3} na-emegharị eriri igwe na-esokwa ezigbo mgbanwe mgbanwe oge a na-eme ugbu a, na-amachi oke mgbada n'obere voltaji na-erughị ma ọ bụ haha ​​nhata 2x.

2. Reactors: Na-egbochi mgbanwe na ike -Ugboro nfefe

Usoro reactor: Mgbochi transformer inrush ugbu a na ịgbanwee overvoltage site na ịba ụba inductance sekit iji belata ọnụego mgbanwe ugbu a. Ọmụmaatụ, usoro reactors na obere{1} voltaji akụkụ nke nnukwu transformers na-amachi inrush ugbu a ka 2–3x gosiri ugbu a.

Shunt reactors: Na-enweta ike reactive capacitive n'ogologo ogologo ahịrị nnyefe voltaji, na-ebelata ike{1} ugboro ugboro site na mmetụta chaja ahịrị. N'ahịrị 500kV, shunt reactors na-amachi oke voltaji na ihe na-erughị ma ọ bụ ha nhata na voltaji akara 1.3x, na-echebe ndị ngbanwe na-apụtaghị ìhè.

3. Grounding System Optimization: Mbelata ala nwere ike ịrị elu

grids ala emebere nke ọma (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọla kọpa-electrodes nchara kpuchiri, ogwe ndị ọzọ na-agbada ala) na-ebelata nguzogide ala ala ka ọ na-erughị ma ọ bụ ha nhata 0.5Ω, na-ebelata ikike ịrị elu n'oge àmụ̀mà na-egbu ma na-egbochi mbuso agha. N'ebe ọkụ - na-enwekarị ọkụ, "n'ala ala kwụụrụ onwe ya + ihe jikọrọ ọnụ" na-ebelata ihe dị iche n'ala.

4. Varistor and Surge Protectors (SPD): Obere-Nchekwa ngwụcha voltaji

Varistor (MOV) ma ọ bụ SPD dị obere- voltaji feeder outlets na-egbochi àmụ̀mà na-akpalite na ịgbanyo oke voltaji, na-egbochi mgbanwe mgbanwe mgbanwe oke ọkụ. Ngwa ndị a na-enye nzaghachi nanosecond yana voltaji mpụta dị ala, dị mma maka nchebe njedebe njedebe sistemụ nkesa voltaji -.

 

 

 

 

 

 

SCOTECH Transformer Overvoltage Nchekwa: Zuru ezu- Ndepụta ngwọta ọnọdụ

 

 

Ndepụta a na-eleba anya mkpa nchedo oke voltaji na ọkwa voltaji na ọnọdụ, na-agbaso isi mgbagha nkeNchebe ọkụ ọkụ + isi voltaji ịmachi + mkpochapụ pụrụ iche + nhazi usoro. Ọ dabara na atụmatụ imewe ihe ntụgharị SCOTECH, usoro nchedo dabara na ihe ngwọta ahaziri maka iji ya eme ihe ozugbo na imepụta ọrụ, ntinye aka na teknụzụ ndị ahịa, yana nhọrọ ngwaahịa.

 

Ọnọdụ ngwa

Ọnọdụ ọrụ isi

Usoro nchekwa isi

Mgbanwe ahaziri SCOTECH

Ihe ntanetị n'èzí/Nzọụkwụ Ugbo Ikuku{0}}Ebe elu
(Karịrị ma ọ bụ hà nhata 35kV, àmụmà{1}} ebe ndị na-adịkarị mfe/ugwu)

Nnukwu ihe ize ndụ ọkụ ozugbo; ejikọta ọkụ / ịgbanye overvoltage; na-anọpụ iche- rụtụ aka n'ihe egwu ngbanwe nwere ike

1. Mpụga kpọmkwem ọkụ nchebe
2. MOA dị elu- akụkụ voltaji enweghị oghere
3. Na-anọpụ iche-Ntụaka MOA + mkpịrị mpe mpe akwa nchebe
4. Kachasị mma winding capacitance nkesa

1. OmenalaIhuenyo windings/ capacitor gbakọrọ akan'ọnụ ọnụ na-abata nke transformer iji bulie nkesa voltaji;
2. SCOTECH{1}} na-anọpụ iche ahaziri ahazi{2}} MOAs dakọtara ihe ngbanwe kacha elu voltaji;
3. Ihe nrụnye oghere efu{1}} iji belata ịrị elu voltaji fọdụrụ site na anya eletrik;
4. Ndụmọdụ njikarịcha grid, jikọtara ya na mkpanaka ọkụ / wired maka mkpuchi ọkụ ozugbo.

Ụlọ ọrụ nkesa obodo
(10/6kV, mpaghara isi obodo, mgbanwe ibu ugboro ugboro)

Ọrụ mgbanwe ugboro ugboro; overvoltage ngbanwe ugboro ugboro; ọnweghị àmụ̀mà kpọmkwem kama ihe ize ndụ nke àmụmà kpatara; obere resonance ize ndụ

1. Akwa - akụkụ voltaji gapped valvụ{2}}ụdị/MOA njide
2. Series reactors maka inrush ugbu a mmachi
3. Ndị nchebe akụkụ voltaji dị ala (SPD)
4. Emelitere mkpuchi ọnụ ọnụ na-abata

1. Mkpuchi nkwụsịtụ/ala gbara ọkpụrụkpụna elu - voltaji na-ekugharị ọnụ ọnụ na-abata iji guzogide ngbanwe ike ọgwụgwụ voltaji;
2. Tupu{1}Interface agbakwunyere maka obere{2}}voltaji reactors/SPDs, na-akwado ihe nchekwa nchekwa voltaji dị ala-;
3. Optimized transformer excitation inductance iji belata resonance puru omume n'okpuru ugboro mgbanwe

Mgbanwe nkesa ime obodo
(10/6kV, àmụ̀mà dịpụrụ adịpụ{2}} ebe ndị na-adịkarị mfe, mmejọ otu{3} na-emekarị)

Nnukwu ihe egwu ọkụ na-ebute kpọmkwem / kpatara; nnukwu arc grounding overvoltage; ogologo ime obodo ahịrị, elu inverse mgbanwe overvoltage ize ndụ

1. Ogwe - ndị ejidere n'elu + obere{3}} akụkụ voltaji MOAs
2. Na-anọpụ iche{1}} ntọ ala site na eriri mkpuchi arc
3. Nchekwa ịwa elu SPD dị ala{1}
4. Mgbanwe mgbanwe overvoltage suppression

1. kwaliteY/Zn11 njikọ otu transformersiji kpachapụ anya na-egbochi mgbanwe mgbanwe overvoltage;
2. Ọkọlọtọ dị ala-voltaji MOA interfaces, dakọtara na obere -voltaji SPDs;
3. Nnọpụiche kachasị mma{1}} iji kwado mkpuchi mkpuchi akpaaka- na-emegharị arc suppression coils;
4. Efu - ihe njide anya na-ebunye braket maka okporo osisi{2}} atụkwasịrị ihe ngbanwe.

Ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe raara onwe ya nye transformers
(10/35kV, otutu{2}}ikuku, ngbanwe ibu dị elu)

Otutu - nfefe ọkụ eletrik na-efegharị; ịgbanwee overvoltage site na ngbanwe ibu; ihe ize ndụ njikọ voltaji efu - usoro; obere -voltaji ngbanwe mgbanwe karịrị voltaji

1. Ndị na-ejide onwe ha maka ikuku ọ bụla
2. Obere - voltaji n'akụkụ shunt capacitors maka mmịnye oke voltaji
3. Series reactors maka inrush / overvoltage mmachi
4. Nkwado mkpuchi oyi akwa

1. Ihe mkpuchi agbakwunyere nke onwen'ihi na nke ọ bụla winding: kacha nkesa capacitance na elu - voltaji n'akụkụ, thickened ala mkpuchi na ala - voltaji akụkụ;
2. {{1}Awụnyere interfaces maka 3 Y- ejikọrọ capacitors na ala{4}}voltaji ụgbọ ala àkwà mmiri iji nweta efu{5} usoro overvoltage;
3. Usoro reactors ahaziri maka ibu mgbanwe{1}}kpalitere inrush ugbua;
4. Tebụl dakọtara onye njide maka ọkwa voltaji na-eku n'ọtụtụ{1}

Ogologo - Ndị ntụgharị na-ebufe anya
(Karịrị ma ọ bụ hà nhata 110kV, ahịrị nnyefe karịrị ma ọ bụ nhata 50km)

Ike - nfefe nke ugboro site na chaja ahịrị; mgbanwe dị ịrịba ama overvoltage site na ngbanwe ahịrị; steepụ àmụmà ife propagation

1. MOA dị elu- dị n'akụkụ voltaji - dị elu
2. Ahịrị{1}} n'akụkụ shunt reactors maka ike nnabata ike
3. Mbelata nke ọkụ ọkụ na-efegharị efegharị
4. Klas mkpuchi mkpuchi ihe nke ọma

1. Omenalannukwu ọkụ ọkụ na-eguzogide ihe ntụgharịemeghari ka ọ dị ogologo - ebili mmiri na-amụ anya;
2. Kachasị transformer excitation àgwà iji belata resonance na akara reactors;
3. Elu{1}}nke dị ugbu a- MOA dị elu - akụkụ voltaji, ike na-agwa okwu -ugboro/mgbanwe oke voltaji;
4. Ihe nchekwa ihe ọkụ ọkụ na-abata n'ọnụ ọnụ iji belata ebili mmiri

Kọmpat Kọmpat/Ọdụ Ntugharị arụrụ arụrụ arụ
(10/6kV, obodo mepere emepe/ogige, oghere{2}}amachibidoro)

Enweghị nchebe ọkụ ọkụ kwụụrụ onwe ya; ntinye ngwa ngwa dị elu, obere eletrik eletrik; Àmụ̀mà na-akpata + nfefefefefe n'ime

1. MOA jikọtara ọnụ n'ime kabinet
2. Varistor (MOV) nchebe mgbakwunye
3. Mbelata ịwa ahụ na-abata
4. Equipotential bonding nchedo

1. Ọkwa nbanye njide agbakwunyeremaka efu - transformer anya - njikota njide;
2. Ewuru - na ala - voltaji n'akụkụ varistors iji kwụsị ime ngbanwe overvoltage;
3. Equipotential bonding imewe n'ime kabinet iji belata ala nwere ike counterattack ize ndụ;
4. Kachasịa winding outlet Ọdịdị maka kọmpat oghere, ibelata voltaji gradient unevenness.

 

ndetu mgbakwunye

  • Ihe ngwọta niile na-akwadojikọtara ọnụ nke SCOTECH transformers na ihe nchebe, ibelata nhọrọ nke abụọ ndị ahịa na ụgwọ nrụnye.
  • Maka ọnọdụ dị oke egwu (dịka ọmụmaatụ, mpaghara égbè eluigwe siri ike, elu elu, mmetọ dị arọ), nhọrọ emelitere dị kamgbochi -Mkpuchi mmetọ mmetọ, elu{1}}ndị njide dị ugbu a, na ọdụ ụgbọ ala kwụụrụ onwe yadị.

 

 

 

 

4. Nkwubi okwu

 

Nchedo overvoltage transformer bụ ọrụ injinia na-ahazi nke na-edozi ikike nka na arụmọrụ akụ na ụba, na-atụle usoro grid, gburugburu ebe ọrụ na njirimara akụrụngwa. Site na nchebe ọkụ na-apụ apụ ozugbo gaa na njide ime na mkpuchi mkpuchi, nke ejiri mkpuchi mkpuchi arc na reactors gbakwunyere, etolitela netwọk nchekwa zuru oke. Ọganihu n'ọdịnihu na ejima dijitalụ na teknụzụ nleba anya n'ịntanetị ga-eme ka mgbanwe nke mgbanwe mgbanwe mgbanwe dị na sistemụ nwere ọgụgụ isi, na-arụsi ọrụ ike, na-atọkwa ntọala siri ike maka grids ike a pụrụ ịdabere na ya.

power grids

 

 

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